Cognitive Models of Speech Processing
by Altmann, Gerry T. M.Edition: Reprint
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 1995-03-02
Publisher(s): Bradford Books
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Summary
Cognitive Models of Speech Processingpresents extensive reviews of current thinking on psycholinguistic and computational topics in speech recognition and natural-language processing, along with a substantial body of new experimental data and computational simulations. Topics range from lexical access and the recognition of words in continuous speech to syntactic processing and the relationship between syntactic and intonational structure. A Bradford Book. ACL-MIT Press Series in Natural Language Processing
Table of Contents
| Preface | |
| Cognitive Models of Speech Processing: An Introduction | |
| Lexical Segmentation | |
| Interactive-Activation Architectures | |
| Competitor Effects during Spoken-Word Recognition | |
| Context Effects in Word Recognition and the Architecture of the Recognition System | |
| Computational Models and Syntactic Effects on Lexical Access | |
| Lexical Information and Sentence Processing | |
| Syntactic Processing and Intonational Structure | |
| Summary and Concluding Remarks | |
| Notes | |
| References | |
| Lexical Hypotheses in Continuous Speech | |
| The First Experiment | |
| The Second Experiment | |
| The Third Experiment | |
| Conclusions for Methodologies | |
| Conclusions for Models of Word Recognition | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Notes | |
| References | |
| Lexical Segmentation in TRACE: An Exercise in Simulation | |
| Introduction | |
| The Problem of Lexical Embedding | |
| The Structure of TRACE | |
| Segmentation Simulations | |
| Conclusion | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Notes | |
| References | |
| A Dynamic-Net Model of Human Speech Recognition | |
| The Invariance Problem | |
| Speech as a Sequence of Events | |
| Network Architectures for Sequence Perception and Production | |
| Tests of the Network | |
| Detecting Patterns in Continuous Input | |
| The Plausibility of the Recurrent Net as a Psychological Model | |
| Note | |
| References | |
| Exploiting Prosodic Probabilities in Speech Segmentation | |
| Recognizing Continuous Speech | |
| Assessing Prosodic Probabilities for English | |
| Testing the Performance of the Metrical Segmentation Strategy | |
| Predicting Listeners' Segmentation Performances | |
| Conclusion: Applying a Metrical Segmentation Strategy | |
| References | |
| Similarity Neighborhoods of Paul A. Luce, Spoken Words | |
| Evidence from Perceptual Identification | |
| Evidence from Auditory Lexical Decision: Nonwords | |
| Evidence from Auditory Word Naming | |
| Evidence from Primed Auditory-Word Identification | |
| The Neighborhood-Activation Model | |
| Other Models of Word Recognition | |
| Logogen Theory | |
| Cohort Theory | |
| Conclusion | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Notes | |
| References | |
| Activation, Competition, and Frequency in Lexical Access | |
| Studies of Recognition Time | |
| Experiment 1, lexical decision | |
| Experiment 2, auditory repetition | |
| Experiment 3, gating | |
| The Cross-Modal Study | |
| Conclusions | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Notes | |
| References | |
| Retroactive Influence of Syllable Neighborhoods | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Note | |
| References | |
| Competition, Lateral Inhibition, and Frequency: Comments on the Chapters of Frauenfelder a... | |
| Frequency and Lateral Inhibition in Lexical Access | |
| Lateral Inhibition in Competition among Lexical Candidates | |
| Word Frequency and Competition among Lexical Candidates | |
| Competition and the Segmentation Problem in Spoken-Word Recognition | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Notes | |
| References | |
| Lexical Statistics and Cognitive Models of Speech Processing | |
| Lexical Statistics and Information Theory | |
| Information Content with the Word | |
| Accounting for the Informativeness of Stressed Syllables | |
| PIE Values, Entropy Values, and Distributions of Consonants and Vowels | |
| Partial Phonetic Information and Phonotactic Constraints | |
| Concluding Observations | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Note | |
| Constraining Models of Lexical Access: The Onset of Word Recognition | |
| Processing Units before the Acquisition of the Lexicon | |
| Fine-grained versus coarse-grained models for capturing phonotactics | |
| Temporal normalization | |
| Cues to understanding infant and adult processing of language | |
| Some Open Issues on Language-Specific Tuning | |
| Phonetic to phonemic convergence | |
| Syllabic and prosodic convergence | |
| A Hypothesis about Acquisition and Accessing the Lexicon | |
| The stable state | |
| The initial state | |
| The transition | |
| Concluding remarks about SARAH | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Notes | |
| References | |
| The Role of the Syllable in Speech Segmentation, Phoneme Identification, and Lexical Acce... | |
| The Role of the Syllable in Speech Segmentation | |
| The Role of the Syllable in Phoneme Identification | |
| Experiment 1 | |
| Experiment 2 | |
| The Role of the Syllable in Lexical Access | |
| Conclusion | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| References | |
| Effects of Sentence Context and Lexical Knowledge in Speech Processing | |
| Context Effects | |
| The effects of sentence contexts | |
| Effects of lexical knowledge | |
| The time course of lexical effects | |
| Concluding Comments | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Note | |
| References | |
| Using Perceptual- Restoration Effects to Explore the Architecture of Perception | |
| Some Tests of Flow of Information and Control during Speech Perception | |
| Some Tests of Flow of Information and Control during Music Perception | |
| Conclusions | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Notes | |
| References | |
| The Relationship between Sentential Context and Sensory Input: Comments on Connine's and | |
| Notes | |
| References | |
| Modularity Compromised: Selecting Partial Hypotheses | |
| A Prototypical Selective System | |
| A Prototypical Instructive System | |
| Interleaved Lexical Access and Syntactic Filtering: A Middle Case | |
| Interleaved Lexical Access with Top-Down Filtering: EUSIP (Version 2) | |
| Interleaved Lexical Access with Top-Down Filtering: Individuated Partial Hypotheses | |
| Computational Equivalence and the Locus of Context Effects | |
| Concluding Remarks | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Notes | |
| References | |
| Representation and Structure in Connectionist Models | |
| Introduction | |
| Simulations | |
| Lexical category structure | |
| Network architecture | |
| Stimuli and task | |
| Results | |
| Representation of grammatical structure | |
| Stimuli and task | |
| Results | |
| Network analysis | |
| Discussion | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Note | |
| References | |
| Combinatory Lexical Information and Language Comprehension | |
| Filler-Gap Dependencies | |
| Evoked Potentials and Filler-Gap Assignment | |
| Verb Argument Structure | |
| Verb Control | |
| Conclusion | |
| Appendix | |
| "Call"-type verbs | |
| "Remind"-type verbs | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| References | |
| Exploring the Architecture of the Language-Processing System | |
| Postlexical Modules | |
| Relations between Modules | |
| Are All Modules Input Modules? | |
| Summary | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Notes | |
| References | |
| Thematic Roles and Modularity: Comments on the Chapters by Frazier and Tanenhaus et al. | |
| Thematic Processing Solves a Problem | |
| Tanenhaus et al. on Gap-Filling | |
| Frazier on Module Geography | |
| Notes | |
| References | |
| Syntax and Intonational Structure in a Combinatory Grammar | |
| Prosody | |
| Categories and Constituents | |
| Combinatory grammar | |
| Limits on possible rules | |
| The notion of surface structure | |
| Prosodic Constituency | |
| A Cautious Conclusion | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Notes | |
| References | |
| Description Theory and Intonation Boundaries | |
| Introduction | |
| Optional and Obligatory Intonation Boundaries | |
| An Outline of Description Theory | |
| Intonation Breaks and Theta-Role Assignment | |
| Intonation Boundaries and the Japanese Particle "No" | |
| Conclusion | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Notes | |
| References | |
| Phrase Structure and Intonational Phrases: Comments on the Chapters by Marcus and Steedma... | |
| What Are They Trying to Do? | |
| How Do They Do It? | |
| Some Problems with What They Have Done | |
| Nonstandard Syntactic Analyses | |
| Conclusion | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Notes | |
| References | |
| Contributors | |
| Index | |
| Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |
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