Mosby's Complementary & Alternative Medicine: A Research-Based Approach,9780323006972

Mosby's Complementary & Alternative Medicine: A Research-Based Approach

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ISBN13: 9780323006972
ISBN10: 0323006973
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2000-08-01
Publisher(s): Elsevier Science Health Science div
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Summary

Mosby's COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE is the only comprehensive book on complementary medicine set up in a true textbook format. It covers the history, philosophy, and mechanisms of complementary medicine and alternative therapies, and includes a thorough review of the clinically controlled trials, indications and contraindications of each therapy. It is the only research-based textbook to present a comprehensive, encyclopedic look at alternative medicine. All sections are complete within the discipline addressed and have been reviewed by experts in each particular field.

Table of Contents

Unit One: Mind-Body Integration
Physiologic Pathways of Mind-Body Communication
2(32)
How the Mind and Body Communicate
4(11)
Pathways: An Overview
5(8)
Chemical Messengers
13(2)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. Candace Pert
15(4)
Lines of Evidence for Mind-Body Communication
19(1)
Suggestions for Supporting Immune Function
20(9)
Music Therapy
20(2)
Laughter and Its Effects on Stress Hormones
22(1)
Writing or Talking About Traumatic Events
23(3)
Group Support and Cancer Outcomes
26(2)
Personality Style and Illness
28(1)
Implications for Stress Management and Optimal Wellness
29(1)
Written Expression
29(1)
Oral Expression
29(1)
Support Groups
29(1)
Entrainment Music
30(1)
Laughter
30(1)
Chapter Review
30(4)
Research on Mind-Body Effects
34(32)
Research on Mind-Body Effects: An Overview
36(1)
Mind-Body Dilemma
36(1)
History of Research: Mind-Body Influence on Health
36(3)
Lines of Research for the Mind's Influence on the Body
36(3)
Immune System: Its Cells and Assessment of Immune Competence
39(15)
Immune Defense System: An Overview
39(2)
Nonspecific and Innate Defense System
41(2)
Specific or Adaptive Defense System: An Overview
43(1)
Makeup of the Bloodstream
44(10)
How Researchers Assess Immune Competence
54(5)
Prevalence of Immunodeficiency Disorders
54(1)
Commonly Used Immunodeficiency Assays
55(4)
How Researchers Assess Individual Leukocyte Competence
59(3)
Assaying Neutrophils
59(2)
Assaying Monocytes
61(1)
Assaying Lymphocytes
61(1)
Natural Killer Cell Assays
62(1)
Complement Assays
62(1)
Researcher Practices
62(1)
Chapter Review
62(4)
Psychoneuroimmunology and Conditioning of Immune Function
66(29)
Birth of the Field of Psychoneuroimmunology
68(12)
Russian Studies on Conditioning of Immunity
68(1)
Psychoneuroimmunology in the United States
69(7)
Conditioning of Immunity and Autoimmune Disease Progression
76(4)
Conditioned Immune Suppression in Response to Chemotherapy Treatment: Human Trials
80(6)
Conditioning of Immunity and Nausea
80(4)
Immune Conditioning of a Patient With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
84(1)
Conditioning of Leukopenia in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
85(1)
Thoughts on Conditioning Trials
86(2)
Why Study Mind, Body, and Immune Interactions?
86(1)
Psychoneuroimmunologic Findings
87(1)
What Should We Do Now?
88(1)
Implications for Pharmacologic Approaches to Health Care Management
88(1)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. Robert Ader
88(3)
Chapter Review
91(4)
How Relationships and Life Events Affect Health: Human Studies
95(43)
Social Interaction, Relationship Passages, Stress, and Health Outcomes
97(1)
How Social Research Evolved
97(1)
Social Interaction and Social Support: A Determinant of Health and Longevity
98(2)
History of Research on Health, Social Interactions, and Social Support: An Overview
99(1)
Health Outcomes Research: Limitations
99(1)
Defining Stress
100(1)
Relationship Interaction and Social Support
100(2)
Prospective Studies of Social Interaction and Mortality
101(1)
Social Interaction and Mortality Studies: Limitations
101(1)
Case Studies of Relationship Interaction and Health Outcomes
101(1)
Effects of Social Support on Stress-Related Biochemical and Immune Function
102(2)
Effects of Stress on Neuroendocrine and Immunologic Responses
102(1)
Effects of Social Support on Stress Indicators
103(1)
Conclusions from Epidemiologic Research on Social Support and Health Outcomes
103(1)
Limitations of Social Support
103(1)
Implications for Social Support Models as Health Interventions
104(1)
Effects of Marital Adjustment on Immune and Hormonal Reactivity
104(5)
Newlyweds, Problem Solving, Sympathetic Drive, and Immune Function
104(2)
Newlyweds, Conflict, and Hormonal Changes
106(2)
Endocrinologic and Immunologic Effects of Long-Term Marriages on Partners
108(1)
Conclusions and Limitations of Marital Adjustment Studies
108(1)
Implications for Marital Intervention
109(1)
Marriage versus Marital Disruption: Epidemiologic Studies
109(2)
Morbidity Differences between Married and Unmarried Individuals
109(1)
Health Effects of an Unhappy Marriage
109(1)
Major Cardiac Events, Disrupted Marriages, and Health Outcomes
110(1)
Conclusions and Implications for Interventions in Unhappy Marriages
111(1)
Marital Disruptions: Clinical Trials
111(3)
Effects of Marital Satisfaction or Disruption on Immune Competence in Women
113(1)
Effects of Marital Satisfaction or Disruption on Immune Competence in Men
113(1)
Conclusions from Clinical Studies of Marital Disruption
113(1)
Limitations of Studies of Marital Disruption
114(1)
What We Know and Do Not Know
114(1)
Marital Challenges: Caregiving
115(5)
Chronic Stress of Caregiving of the Patient with Alzheimer's Disease
115(1)
Immunologic and Psychologic Effects of Caregiving
116(4)
Effects of Bereavement on Immune and Hormonal Function
120(3)
Bereavement and Immunologic and Hormonal Responsivity
120(1)
Immune Responsivity Before and After Bereavement
121(1)
Conclusions and Limitations of Bereavement Studies
122(1)
Summary: Health Consequences of Relationship Passages
123(1)
Health Effects of Chronic Stress Other Than Relationship Passages
123(1)
Short-Term or Acute Stress: Tracking the Pathways
124(4)
Medical Students and Examination Stress, Immune Function, and Emotional Correlations
124(1)
Stress, Loneliness, and Changes in Herpesvirus Latency
124(2)
Effects of Stress on Interferon Production and Decreases in Natural Killer Cell Activity
126(1)
Effects of Relaxation on Medical Students' Immunity While Facing Examination Stress
126(1)
Summary of Research on Short-Term Academic Stress
127(1)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. Janice Kiecolt-Glaser
128(1)
Findings from Other Studies of Stress and Health Outcomes
129(1)
Stress and DNA Repair
129(1)
Stress, Social Support, and the Epstein-Barr Virus
129(1)
Stress, Relationships, Inhibited Power Needs, and Secretory Immunoglobin A
129(1)
Recurrent Herpes Simplex Virus, Depression, and CD4 and CD8 Cells
129(1)
Stress and Hepatitis B Vaccine Seroconversion
129(1)
Stress and Serum Cholesterol Levels
130(1)
Stress and Immune Response of the Patient with Cancer
130(1)
Chapter Review
130(8)
Unit Two: Mind-Body Interventions
Relaxation Therapy
138(28)
History of Relaxation Therapy
140(1)
Jacobson's Progressive Relaxation Therapy
140(1)
Philosophy of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Therapy
140(1)
Mechanisms of Relaxation
141(2)
Jacobson's Progressive Relaxation Therapy
141(1)
Learning Jacobson's Progressive Relaxation Method
141(1)
Wolpe's Abbreviated Progressive Relaxation Training
142(1)
Following an Abbreviated Progressive Relaxation Format
142(1)
How Progressive Relaxation Benefits Health
143(3)
Effects of Progressive Relaxation on Autonomic Excitatory Response in Human Subjects
143(1)
Relaxation Therapy and Opioid Responsivity
144(1)
Relaxation Therapy and Strengthening Immune Function in an Aging Population
145(1)
Application of Relaxation Therapy as Medical Intervention
146(7)
Relaxation Therapy and Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
146(1)
Relaxation Therapy and Hypertension
147(3)
Relaxation Therapy and Pain Control
150(3)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. G. Frank Lawlis
153(8)
Relaxation Therapy and Mood State Management
154(1)
Relaxation Therapy and Epilepsy
155(4)
Relaxation Therapy for Other Medical Conditions
159(2)
Indications and Contraindications of Progressive Relaxation
161(1)
Summary of Relaxation Training as a Medical Intervention
161(1)
Study Limitations
161(1)
Chapter Review
162(4)
Meditation
166(30)
Meditation and Its Forms
168(2)
Meditation Research
168(1)
Transcendental Meditation
168(1)
Clinically Standardized Meditation
168(1)
Respiratory One Method
169(1)
Mindfulness Meditation
169(1)
Physiologic Effects of Meditation
169(1)
Contradictory Findings
170(1)
Mechanisms Underlying the Effects of Meditation
170(2)
Blank-Out Phenomenon
170(1)
Effects of Rhythm
171(1)
Effects of Desensitization
171(1)
Balancing Cerebral Hemispheres
171(1)
Reorganizing Mental Constructs
172(1)
Herbert Benson's Relaxation Response
172(2)
History of the Relaxation Response
172(1)
Philosophy of the Relaxation Response
173(1)
Eliciting the Relaxation Response
173(1)
Mechanisms of the Relaxation Response
173(1)
Elements of the Relaxation Response in Early Religious Practices
173(1)
Clinically Standardized Meditation
174(1)
Signs and Symptoms of Persons Who May Benefit from Meditation
174(1)
Effects of Meditation on Sympathetic Drive, Mental Functionality, Health Care, and Survival Rates
175(1)
Meditation and Health Care Costs
175(1)
Effects of Meditation on Sympathetic Drive, Mental Functionality, Health Care, and Survival Rates
175(1)
Meditation an Health Care Costs
175(1)
Role of Stress in Psychiatric and Somatic Disorders
176(5)
Meditation for the Treatment of Mood State Disorders
177(1)
Effects of Progressive Relaxation versus Meditation on Anxiety
178(2)
Effects of Meditation versus Relaxation on Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes
180(1)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. Robert H. Schneider
181(6)
Effects of Meditation on Chronic Disease States
185(2)
Making the Choice: Relaxation or Meditation?
187(1)
Contraindications of Meditation
188(1)
Side Effects: All Forms of Cognitive Meditation
188(1)
Side Effects: Excessive Meditation
188(1)
Side Effects: Tension Release
189(1)
Side Effects: Rapid Behavioral Change
189(1)
Side Effects: Hypersensitivity to Meditation
189(1)
Reasons for Meditation, Compliance, and Outcomes
189(2)
Chapter Review
191(5)
Biofeedback
196(29)
Historical Perspectives
198(1)
Definition of Biofeedback Therapy: Underlying Assumptions
199(1)
Operational Definitions of Biofeedback
199(1)
Philosophy Underlying Biofeedback
199(1)
General Descriptions of Biofeedback Modalities
200(16)
Electromyography
200(1)
Case Study: EMG Biofeedback
201(4)
Thermal Biofeedback
205(1)
Case Study: Thermal Biofeedback
205(6)
Skin Conductance Activity
211(1)
Electroencephalography
211(4)
Case Study: EEG Application
215(1)
Frontiers: Old and New
216(1)
Biofeedback as Research Tool
216(1)
Biofeedback-Assisted Relaxation: Effects on Phagocytic Capacity
216(1)
Biofeedback Training as an Adjunctive Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis: Study of Relaxation and Temperature
216(1)
Professional Certification
216(1)
Biofeedback Training as an Adjunctive Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis: Study of Relaxation and Temperature
217(1)
Professional Certification
217(1)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. Penelope Montgomery
218(1)
Indications and Contraindications for Biofeedback
218(3)
Biofeedback Limitations and Some Caveats
220(1)
Summary
221(1)
Chapter Review
221(4)
Hypnosis
225(35)
Defining Hypnosis
227(1)
History of Hypnosis
227(3)
Trance States, Mysticism, and Shamanism
227(1)
Hypnotic Techniques, Imagery, and Healing
228(1)
Arrival of Clinical Hypnosis
228(1)
Early Applications of Hypnosis
228(1)
Contributions of Milton Erickson
229(1)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. Helen Erickson
230(1)
Philosophies and Mechanisms Underlying Hypnotic Effects
231(4)
Brain: Hemispheres, Lobes, Electrical Activity
231(1)
Current Philosophies of Hypnosis
232(1)
Who is Susceptible to Hypnosis?
232(1)
Susceptibility and Theta Waves
233(1)
Dynamic Electroencephalographic Differences, Chaos Theory, Hypnotizability
233(1)
Other Theories
234(1)
Summary of Hypnosis Mechanisms
235(1)
Power of Suggestion: Wart Charming and Other Wonders
235(1)
Case Study: Congenital Ichthyosis
235(1)
Hypnosis: Pain Mechanisms
236(3)
How Hypnosis Alleviates Pain
237(1)
Surgical Pain
237(1)
Experimentally Induced Pain
237(1)
Pain at the Spinal Level
238(1)
Hypnosis, Endorphins, and Adrenocorticotropic Hormones
239(1)
Hypnosis and Surgical Procedures
239(2)
Hypnotic Effects of Anesthesia
240(1)
Hypnosis and Surgical Recovery Rates
240(1)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. Sandra M. Sylvester
241(2)
Hypnosis and Chronic Pain
243(1)
Cancer Pain
243(1)
Burn Pain
243(1)
Fibromyalgia Pain
244(1)
Hypnosis and Gastrointestinal Disorders
244(3)
Duodenal Ulcers
244(2)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
246(1)
Anticipatory and Pregnancy-Induced Nausea
246(1)
Hypnosis and Asthma
247(2)
Treatment of Asthma
247(2)
Mechanisms Affecting Psychosomatic Response and Cautions
249(1)
Hypnosis and Obesity: Cognitive Behavioral Training
249(4)
Hypnosis and Addictive Behaviors: Smoking Cessation
253(1)
Hypnosis and Treatment of Anxiety and Phobias
253(1)
Autogenic Training: Form of Hypnosis
253(1)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. Arthur Hastings
254(1)
Indications and Contraindications
255(1)
Chapter Review
255(5)
Imagery
260(26)
What Is Imagery and What Does It Do?
262(1)
History of Imagery
262(1)
Physiology and Mechanisms of Imagery
263(1)
Pervasiveness of Imagery
263(1)
Imagery in Current Health Practices
264(1)
Imagery and Placebo Effect
264(1)
How Imagery Effects Can Differ
264(1)
Types of Imagery Used for Clinical Intervention
265(1)
Diagnostic Imagery
265(1)
Mental Rehearsal Imagery
265(1)
End-State Imagery
265(1)
Effects of Imagery on Physiology and Biochemistry
266(6)
Salivary Immunoglobulin A in Children
266(1)
Salivary Immunoglobulin A in Adults
267(1)
Conclusions From Salivary Immunoglobulin A Studies
267(1)
Hormonal Responses to Stress
268(3)
Imagery and Circadian Rhythm Retraining
271(1)
Immune Cell Migration
271(1)
Summary of Imagery Effects
272(1)
Imagery Assessment Tools
273(1)
Imagery for Diagnosis: An Overview
273(1)
Imagery as Therapy
273(1)
Imagery for Treatment of Pain
273(1)
Imagery for Pain of Severe Burn Injury
274(2)
Imagery and Surgical Recovery
276(1)
Imagery in the Treatment of Cancer
276(1)
Cancer Pain
276(1)
Immunologic Responses of Patients with Breast Cancer
277(1)
Imagery for Other Medical Conditions
277(2)
Improved Lactation in Mothers of Premature Infants
277(1)
Intervention with Anticipatory Grief
277(1)
Case Study: Cancer and Imagery
278(1)
Preparation for Using Imagery in Medical Practices
279(1)
Indications and Contraindications for the Clinical Application of Imagery
280(1)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. Jeanne Achterberg
280(1)
Chapter Review
281(5)
Unit Three: Alternative Professionals
Chiropractic
286(25)
Chiropractic Defined
288(1)
History of Manipulation
288(1)
Hippocrates and Manipulation Practices
288(1)
Bonesetters
288(1)
Osteopathy and Manipulation
288(1)
Founding of Chiropractic
289(1)
Birth of Chiropractic
290(1)
Developer of Chiropractic
291(1)
Continuing Battle for Acceptance
291(2)
Chiropractic Education Today
293(1)
Chiropractic Philosophy and Mechanisms
293(4)
Physiology Underlying Chiropractic Care
293(1)
Chiropractic Mechanisms and Practices
294(2)
Terminology of Joint Movement
296(1)
Mechanisms of Chiropractic
297(1)
Chiropractic, Applied Force, and Immunologic Changes
297(1)
Beta-Endorphin Levels and Chiropractic
298(1)
Use of Chiropractic Care
298(1)
Chiropractic Research Outcomes: An Overview
298(3)
Patient Response to Chiropractic Care
298(1)
Chiropractic Treatment of Low Back Pain
298(3)
Chiropractic and Musculoskeletal Conditions
301(2)
Neck Pain
301(1)
Headache Pain
302(1)
Chiropractic and Nonmusculoskeletal Conditions
303(1)
Menstrual Pain
303(1)
Asthma
303(1)
Colic and Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
303(1)
Nonmusculoskeletal Conditions: Review
303(1)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. Dana Lawrence
304(2)
Recommendations for Future Research
306(1)
Indications and Contraindications
306(1)
Complications from Manipulation
307(1)
Chapter Review
307(4)
Acupuncture
311(34)
Acupuncture Defined
313(1)
Philosophy Underlying Acupuncture
313(3)
Principle of Tao
313(1)
Yin-Yang Theory
313(1)
Eight Principles
313(1)
Three Treasures
314(1)
Five Elements: Categories of Functions and Qualities
315(1)
History of Acupuncture
316(1)
China and Acupuncture's Beginnings
316(1)
China in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
316(1)
Acupuncture in the West
316(1)
Hypothesized Mechanisms of Acupuncture
317(3)
Bioelectrical Properties of Acupuncture
317(1)
Tracing Acupuncture Channels
317(1)
Electrical Current Along Acupuncture Channels
317(1)
Acupuncture Points
318(1)
Acupuncture Analgesia
319(1)
Peripheral and Autonomic Nervous Systems Pathways
319(1)
Theories of Pain Control: Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Control
319(1)
Challenges to Acupuncture Research
319(1)
Clinical Research on the Effects of Acupuncture
320(16)
Acupuncture and Pain Management
320(6)
Surgical Analgesia
326(3)
Postoperative and Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea
329(1)
Neurologic Impairment
329(1)
Gynecologic and Obstetric Conditions
329(1)
Treatment of Breathlessness in Asthmatics
329(4)
Substance Abuse
333(3)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. Skya Gardner-Abbata
336(3)
Indications and Contraindications
339(1)
Chapter Review
339(6)
Homeopathy: Like Cures Like
345(16)
Homeopathy Defined
347(1)
History of Homeopathy
347(2)
Birth of Homeopathy
347(1)
Development of Homeopathy in the United States
348(1)
Homeopathy Today
349(1)
Essential Principles of Homeopathy
349(3)
Principle of Similars
349(1)
Principle of Infinitesimal Dose
350(2)
Principle of Specificity of the Individual
352(1)
Laws of Cure
352(1)
Clinical Trials of Homeopathy
352(2)
Challenges of Homeopathic Research
352(1)
Homeopathy for the Treatment of Migraine Pain
353(1)
Placebo Response? Putting Homeopathy to the Test
354(1)
Homeopathic Treatment of Allergies
354(1)
Homeopathic Treatment of Asthmatics Sensitive to House Dust Mites
354(1)
Summary of Placebo Tests
355(1)
Homeopathic Treatment of Fibromyalgia
355(1)
Homeopathic Treatment of Viral Conditions
355(1)
Influenza
355(1)
Chronic Carriers of Hepatitis B Virus
355(1)
Homeopathic Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
355(1)
Homeopathic Treatment of Childhood Diarrhea
355(1)
Unsuccessful Homeopathic Treatments
355(1)
Efficacy of Homeopathic Treatments
356(1)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. David Reilly
356(2)
Indications and Contraindications
358(1)
Summary
358(1)
Chapter Review
359(2)
Massage Therapy
361(27)
Massage Defined
363(1)
History of Massage
363(3)
Evolution of Classical Massage
365(1)
Swedish Massage
365(1)
Decline of Massage
365(1)
Massage Bounces Back
365(1)
Massage Therapy Today
366(1)
Philosophy and Mechanisms of Massage
366(8)
Mechanisms Explaining the Effects of Massage
366(1)
Physical, Mental, and Emotional Effects of Massage
366(8)
Research Outcomes: Classical Western Massage
374(6)
Massage as Treatment for Anxiety and Depression
374(1)
Effects of Massage on Clinical Pain
375(2)
Massage Therapy for Infants
377(2)
Massage Therapy for Other Childhood Conditions
379(1)
Summary of Benefits of Massage for Infants and Children
379(1)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. Tiffany Field
380(3)
Indications and Contraindications
383(1)
Ongoing Research
384(1)
Chapter Review
384(4)
Unit four: Complementary Self-Help Strategies
Herbs as Medical Intervention
388(36)
Description and History of Medicinal Herbs
390(1)
Medications Developed from Herbs
390(1)
Herbs Used As Treatments
390(1)
Philosophy Underlying the Development of Herbal Medicine
390(2)
Flexner Report and the Downfall of Herbal Medicine
390(1)
Herbal Use in Germany and the United States: A Twentieth Century Comparison
391(1)
Pharmaceutical Medicine versus Herbal Medicine
392(1)
Prevalence of Herbal Medicine
392(1)
Safety and Efficacy of Herbal Medicine
392(1)
Purpose of this Chapter
393(1)
Bilberry
393(3)
Cranberry
396(2)
Echinacea
398(3)
Feverfew
401(2)
Ginkgo Biloba
403(3)
Goldenseal
406(3)
Kava Kava
409(3)
Milk Thistle
412(1)
St. John's Wort
413(3)
Saw Palmetto
416(2)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. Andrew Weil
418(1)
Chapter Review
419(5)
Exercise as an Alternative Therapy
424(32)
Mechanisms Underlying Exercise Physiology
426(2)
Physiologic and Biochemical Reactions Leading to Muscle Contraction
426(1)
Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration
427(1)
Exercise and Protein Synthesis
427(1)
Types of Exercise
428(1)
Aerobic and Anaerobic Exercise
428(1)
Exercise Strategies
428(1)
Exercise and Cardiovascular Disease
429(1)
Cardiovascular Disease Defined
429(1)
Causes of Cardiovascular Disease
429(1)
Theoretical Explanations for Cardiovascular Disease
429(1)
Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease and Cardiac Death
429(1)
Elevated Cholesterol and Physical Inactivity
430(1)
Effects of Cardiac Rehabilitation Exercise Training
430(7)
Clinically Controlled Trials
431(1)
Exercise Tolerance
431(1)
Case Study: Frank
432(5)
Exercise and Mechanisms of Pulmonary Function
437(3)
Pulmonary Ventilation
437(1)
Pulmonary Respiration
438(1)
Exercise and the Pulmonary System
438(2)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. Steven Blair
440(1)
Exercise and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
441(1)
Clinically Controlled Trials of Exercise Interventions
441(1)
Aerobic Exercise and Mood State Modulation
441(2)
Research on Empirical Psychologic Response
443(4)
Effects on Stress and Anxiety
443(1)
Effects on Depression
444(1)
Effects on Immune Function
445(1)
Case Study: Judy
446(1)
Summaries of Other Beneficial Aspects of Exercise
447(1)
Indications and Contraindications
447(3)
Indications
447(1)
Contraindications
448(2)
Chapter Review
450(6)
Unit Five: Energetics and Spirituality
Electromagnetic Medicine
456(17)
Brief History of the Research in Electromagnetic Medicine
458(3)
Historically Opposing Principles: Vitalistic and Mechanistic Schools of Thought
458(1)
Electrical versus Chemical Forces
459(1)
Consciousness and the Computer
459(1)
Problems with the Electrical versus the Chemical Approach
460(1)
Contributions of Robert Becker
460(1)
Mechanics of Electromagnetic Approaches
461(1)
Electric Fields versus Magnetic Fields
461(1)
Electromagnetic Fields
462(1)
Exogenous Fields and Health Effects
463(1)
Endogenous Fields as Medically Useful Information
463(1)
Medical Applications of Bioelectromagnetics
463(1)
New and Unconventional Electromagnetic Approaches
464(3)
Bone Repair
464(1)
Stimulation and Measurement of Nerve Activity
464(1)
Soft Tissue Wound Healing
465(1)
Autoimmune Mechanisms
465(1)
Pain Management
465(1)
Regeneration
466(1)
Immune System Restoration
466(1)
Microwave Resonance Therapy
466(1)
Medical Issues
467(1)
Scientific Controversy
467(1)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. Beverly Rubik
468(1)
Chapter Review
469(4)
Spiritual Medicine
473(20)
Relevance of Religion to Health Care
475(1)
Adjustment to Illness
476(1)
Religion as a Factor in the Recovery from Illness
476(1)
Illness Prevention and Health Enhancement
477(2)
Preventing Heart Disease and High Blood Pressure
477(1)
Preventing Substance Abuse
478(1)
Preventing Suicide
479(1)
Enhancing Longevity
479(1)
Spiritual Intervention
479(7)
Prayer
479(3)
Case Study: Sister Gertrude
482(1)
Effects of Spiritual Intervention on Human Beings
482(1)
Case Study: Vittorio Micheli
483(1)
Effects of Spiritual Intervention on Fungi, Yeast, and Bacteria
483(1)
Effects of Spiritual Intervention on Cells
484(1)
Effects of Spiritual Intervention on the Movement of Simple Organisms
485(1)
Effects of Spiritual Intervention on Plants
485(1)
Healing Effects of Spiritual Intervention on Animals
485(1)
Shamanism and Spiritual Journeys
486(1)
Shamanism and Transpersonal Medicine
486(1)
Rituals
487(1)
Rituals Increase the Sense of Connectiveness
487(1)
Rituals Encourage Hope
487(1)
Contraindications and Indications
488(1)
An Expert Speaks: Larry Dossey, MD
488(2)
Chapter Review
490(3)
Therapeutic Touch: Healing with Energy
493(2)
Therapeutic Touch Defined
495(1)
Steps Required to Perform Therapeutic Touch
495(1)
History of Therapeutic Touch
495(1)
Philosophic Underpinnings of Therapeutic Touch
496(1)
Response from the Traditional Medical Community
497(1)
Physiologic Effects of Therapeutic Touch
497(1)
Clinical Trials of Therapeutic Touch Efficacy
498(1)
Therapeutic Touch as Treatment for Anxiety
498(1)
Therapeutic Touch as Pain Intervention
498(3)
Therapeutic Touch and Wound Healing and Immune Function
501(2)
An Expert Speaks: Dr. Janet Quinn
503(1)
Suggestions and Cautions When Using Therapeutic Touch
504(1)
Chapter Review
504(3)
Appendixes
Appendix A: Program Research Evaluation: Methods and Statistical Overview
507(4)
Appendix B: Answers to Multiple Choice and Matching Questions
511(1)
Appendix C: Additional Web Sites
512
Appendix D: Organizations
475

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