| Preface |
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The Sociology of Sport: What Is It and Why Study It? |
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2 | (28) |
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4 | (1) |
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5 | (1) |
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Defining Culture and Society |
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5 | (1) |
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5 | (7) |
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What Is the Sociology of Sport? |
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12 | (7) |
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Why Study Sports in Society? |
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19 | (7) |
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What Is the Current Status of the Sociology of Sport? |
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26 | (1) |
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Summary: Why Study the Sociology of Sport? |
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27 | (3) |
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Using Social Theories: How Can They Help Us Study Sports in Society? |
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30 | (24) |
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What Are Theories and Why Do We Need Them? |
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32 | (1) |
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Functionalist Theory: Sports Preserve the Status Quo |
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33 | (5) |
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Conflict Theory: Sports Are Tools of the Wealthy |
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38 | (2) |
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Critical Theory: Sports Are Sites Where Culture and Social Relations Are Produced and Changed |
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40 | (5) |
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Feminist Theory: Sports Are Gendered Activities |
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45 | (2) |
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Weaknesses of Critical Feminist Theory |
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47 | (1) |
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Interactionist Theory: Sports Are Given Meaning as People Interact with One Another |
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47 | (3) |
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Is There a Best Theoretical Approach to Use When Studying Sports? |
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50 | (2) |
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Summary: How Can Social Theories Help Us Study Sports in Society? |
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52 | (2) |
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Studying the Past: Does It Help Us Understand Sports Today? |
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54 | (34) |
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Understanding History While Studying Sports in Society |
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56 | (1) |
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Sports Vary by Time and Place |
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57 | (1) |
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Contests and Games in Ancient Greece: Beyond the Myths (1000 B.C. to 100 B.C.) |
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58 | (1) |
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Roman Contests and Games: Spectacles and Gladiators (100 B.C. to A.D. 500) |
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59 | (3) |
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Tournaments and Games in Medieval Europe: Separation of the Masters and the Masses (500 to 1300) |
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62 | (2) |
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The Renaissance, Reformation, and Enlightenment: Games as Diversions (1300 to 1800) |
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64 | (3) |
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The Industrial Revolution: The Emergence of Organized Competitive Sports (1780 to 1920) |
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67 | (9) |
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Since 1920: Struggles Continue |
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76 | (9) |
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Using History to Think About the Future |
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85 | (1) |
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Summary: Can We Use History to Understand Sports Today? |
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85 | (3) |
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Sports and Socialization: Who Plays and What Happens to Them? |
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88 | (32) |
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90 | (2) |
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Becoming and Staying Involved in Sports |
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92 | (4) |
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Changing or Ending Sport Participation |
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96 | (4) |
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Being Involved in Sports: What Happens? |
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100 | (15) |
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What Socialization Research Doesn't Tell Us |
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115 | (3) |
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Summary: Who Plays and What Happens? |
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118 | (2) |
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Sports and Children: Are Organized Programs Worth the Effort? |
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120 | (30) |
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Origin and Development of Organized Youth Sports |
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122 | (2) |
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Major Trends in Youth Sports Today |
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124 | (8) |
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Different Experiences: Informal, Player-Controlled Sports Versus Organized, Adult-Controlled Sports |
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132 | (5) |
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Sociological Questions About Youth Sports |
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137 | (6) |
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Recommendations for Improving Youth Sports |
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143 | (4) |
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Prospects for Improving Youth Sports |
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147 | (1) |
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Summary: Are Organized Youth Sport Programs Worth the Effort? |
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148 | (2) |
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Deviance in Sports: Is It Out of Control? |
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150 | (44) |
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Problems Faced When Studying Deviance in Sports |
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152 | (3) |
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Defining and Studying Deviance in Sports: Three Approaches |
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155 | (2) |
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A Constructionist Approach to Deviance in Sports |
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157 | (12) |
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Research on Deviance Among Athletes |
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169 | (6) |
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Performance-Enhancing Substances: Deviant Overconformiry in Sports |
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175 | (16) |
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Summary: Is Deviance in Sports Out of Control? |
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191 | (3) |
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Violence in Sports: How Does It Affect Our Lives? |
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194 | (38) |
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196 | (1) |
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Violence in Sports Through History |
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197 | (1) |
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198 | (12) |
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210 | (6) |
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Violence Among Spectators |
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216 | (13) |
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Summary: Does Violence in Sports Affect Our Lives? |
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229 | (3) |
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Gender and Sports: Does Equity Require Ideological Changes? |
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232 | (48) |
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Participation and Equity Issues |
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234 | (28) |
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Ideology and Power Issues |
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262 | (15) |
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Summary: Does Equity Require Ideological Changes? |
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277 | (3) |
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Race and Ethnicity: Are They Important in Sports? |
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280 | (40) |
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Defining Race and Ethnicity |
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282 | (1) |
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The Origins of Race and Racial Ideologies |
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283 | (15) |
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Sport Participation Among Ethnic Minorities in the United States |
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298 | (11) |
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The Dynamics of Racial and Ethnic Relations in Sports |
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309 | (9) |
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Summary: Are Race and Ethnicity Important in Sports? |
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318 | (2) |
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Social Class: Do Money and Power Matter in Sports? |
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320 | (38) |
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Social Class and Class Relations |
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322 | (1) |
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Sports and Economic Inequality |
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323 | (6) |
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Social Class and Sport Participation Patterns |
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329 | (13) |
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Global Inequalities and Sports |
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342 | (1) |
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Economic and Career Opportunities in Sports |
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343 | (8) |
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Sport Participation and Occupational Careers Among Former Athletes |
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351 | (4) |
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Summary: Do Money and Power Matter in Sports? |
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355 | (3) |
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Sports and the Economy: What Are the Characteristics of Commercial Sports? |
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358 | (44) |
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Emergence and Growth of Commercial Sports |
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360 | (13) |
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Commercialization and Changes in Sports |
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373 | (8) |
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Owners, Sponsors, and Promoters in Commercial Sports |
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381 | (8) |
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Legal Status and Incomes of Athletes in Commercial Sports |
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389 | (9) |
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Summary: What Are the Characteristics of Commercial Sports? |
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398 | (4) |
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Sports and the Media: Could They Survive Without Each Other? |
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402 | (44) |
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Characteristics of the Media |
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404 | (9) |
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Sports and the Media: A Two-Way Relationship |
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413 | (11) |
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Images and Narratives in Media Sports |
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424 | (17) |
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Audience Experiences with Media Sports |
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441 | (1) |
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The Profession of Sport Journalism |
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442 | (2) |
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Summary: Could Sports and the Media Survive Without Each Other? |
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444 | (2) |
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Sports and Politics: How Do Governments and Global Processes Influence Sports? |
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446 | (36) |
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The Sports-Government Connection |
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448 | (8) |
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Sports and Global Political Processes |
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456 | (15) |
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471 | (8) |
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Summary: How Do Governments and Global Processes Influence Sports? |
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479 | (3) |
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Sports in High School and College: Do Competitive Sports Contribute to Education? |
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482 | (46) |
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Arguments For and Against Interscholastic Sports |
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484 | (1) |
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Interscholastic Sports and the Experiences of High School Students |
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484 | (10) |
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Intercollegiate Sports and the Experiences of College Students |
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494 | (10) |
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Do Schools Benefit from Varsity Sports? |
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504 | (6) |
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Varsity High School Sports: Problems and Recommendations |
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510 | (5) |
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Intercollegiate Sports: Problems and Recommendations |
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515 | (10) |
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Summary: Do Competitive Sports Contribute to Education? |
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525 | (3) |
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Sports and Religions: Is It a Promising Combination? |
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528 | (36) |
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How Do Sociologists Define and Study Religion? |
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530 | (2) |
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Similarities and Differences Between Sports and Religions |
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532 | (4) |
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Modern Sports and Religious Beliefs and Organizations |
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536 | (18) |
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The Challenges of Combining Sports and Religious Beliefs |
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554 | (7) |
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Summary: Is It a Promising Combination? |
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561 | (3) |
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Sports in the Future: What Can We Create? |
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564 | (27) |
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Major Sport Forms in the Future |
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566 | (2) |
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568 | (13) |
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Envisioning Possibilities and Creating Futures |
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581 | (8) |
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Summary: What Can We Create? |
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589 | (2) |
| References |
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591 | (42) |
| Name Index |
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633 | (8) |
| Subject Index |
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641 | |
Other versions by this Author
