
Theories of Personality Understanding Persons Plus MySearchLab with eText -- Access Card Package
by Cloninger, Susan C., Ph.D.-
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Summary
Author Biography
Sue Cloninger is a California native who, after living several places in the U.S. and Germany, has settled in upstate New York for the past three decades. She is a professor of psychology at the Sage Colleges in Troy and Albany, New York, and also teaches online through Empire State College. Currently she chairs the Institutional Research Board (IRB) at The Sage Colleges. Her graduate work at The University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, under a National Science Foundation fellowship, focused on personality and motivation. Other interests include topics at the interface of personality and social psychology, such as the self. She’s proud of her son John, an architect. In her spare time, she enjoys music, plays, and gardening.
Table of Contents
Found in this Section:
1. Brief Table of Contents
2. Full Table of Contents
1. BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1 Introduction to Personality Theory
Part 1: The Psychoanalytic Perspective
Chapter 2 Freud: Classical Psychoanalysis
Chapter 3 Jung: Analytical Psychology
Part II: The Psychoanalytic-Social Perspective
Chapter 4 Adler: Individual Psychology
Chapter 5 Erikson: Psychosocial Development
Chapter 6 Horney and Relational Theory: Interpersonal Psychoanalytic Theory
Part III: The Trait Perspective
Chapter 7 Allport: Personological Trait Theory
Chapter 8 Two Factor Analytic Trait Theories: Cattell’s 16 Factors and the Big Five
Chapter 9 Biological Theories: Evolution, Genetics, and Biological Factor Theories
Part IV: The Behavioral Perspective
Chapter 10 The Challenge of Behaviorism: Dollard and Miller, Skinner, and Staats
Chapter 11 Kelly: Personal Construct Theory
Chapter 12 Mischel: Traits in Cognitive Social Learning Theory
Chapter 13 Bandura: Performance in Cognitive Social Learning Theory
Part V: The Humanistic Perspective
Chapter14 Rogers: Person-Centered Theory
Chapter 15 Maslow and His Legacy: Need Hierarchy Theory and Positive Psychology
Chapter 16 Buddhist Psychology: Lessons From Eastern Culture
Chapter 17 Conclusion
2. FULL TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Introduction to Personality Theory
Personality: The Study of Individuals
Description of Personality
Personality Dynamics
Personality Development
The Scientific Approach
Methods in Personality Research
One Theory or Many? Eclecticism and the Future of Personality Theory
Summary
Part 1: The Psychoanalytic Perspective
Chapter 2: Freud: Classical Psychoanalysis
Chapter Overview
Preview: Overview of Freud’s Theory
The Unconscious
Structures of the Personality
Intrapsychic Conflict
Personality Development
Psychoanalytic Treatment
Psychoanalysis as a Scientific Theory
Summary
Chapter 3: Jung: Analytical Psychology
Chapter Overview
Preview: Overview of Jung’s Theory
The Structure of Personality
Symbolism and the Collective Unconscious
Therapy
Synchronicity
Psychological Types
Summary
Part II: The Psychoanalytic-Social Perspective
Chapter 4: Adler: Individual Psychology
Chapter Overview
Preview: Overview of Adler’s Theory
Striving from Inferiority toward Superiority
The Unity of Personality
The Development of Personality
Psychological Health
Interventions Based on Adler’s Theory
Summary
Chapter 5: Erikson: Psychosocial Development
Chapter Overview
Preview: Overview of Erikson’s Theory
The Epigenetic Principle
The Psychosocial Stages
The Role of Culture in Relation to the Psychosocial Stages
Racial and Ethnic Identity
Research on Development through the Psychosocial Stages
Toward a Psychoanalytic Social Psychology
Summary
Chapter 6: Horney and Relational Theory: Interpersonal Psychoanalytic Theory
Chapter Overview
Preview: Overview of Interpersonal Psychoanalytic Theory
Interpersonal Psychoanalysis: Horney
Basic Anxiety and Basic Hostility
Three Interpersonal Orientations
Four Major Adjustments to Basic Anxiety
Secondary Adjustment Techniques
Cultural Determinants of Development
Therapy
Parental Behavior and Personality Development
The Relational Approach Within Psychoanalytic Theory
The Sense of Self in Relationships
Narcissism
Attachment in Infancy and Adulthood
Therapy
Summary
Part III: The Trait Perspective
Chapter 7: Allport: Personological Trait Theory
Chapter Overview
Preview: Overview of Allport’s Theory
Major Themes in Allport’s Work
Allport’s Definition of Personality
Personality Traits
Personality Development
Personality and Social Phenomena
Eclecticism
Summary
Chapter 8: Two Factor Analytic Trait Theories: Cattell’s 16 Factors and the Big Five
Chapter Overview
Preview: Overview of Factor Analytic Trait Theories
Factor Analysis
The 16 Factor Theory: Cattell
Personality Measurement and the Prediction of Behavior
Because Personality Is Complex: A Multivariate Approach
Psychological Adjustment
Three Types of Traits
Predicting Behavior
Determinants of Personality: Heredity and Environment
The Role of Theory in Cattell’s Empirical Approach
The Big Five Factor Theory
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism
Conscientiousness
Openness
A Hierarchical Model
Are the Five Factors Universal?
Various Measures of the Big Five
Factors and Other Personality Constructs
Summary
Chapter 9: Biological Theories: Evolution, Genetics, and Biological Factor Theories
Chapter Overview
Preview: Overview of Biological Theories
Evolutionary Approaches
Aggression and Dominance
Sexual Behavior
Parental Behavior
Altruism and Social Emotions
Culture
Genetics and Personality
Temperament
Emotional Arousal
Cortical Arousal
Biological Factor Theories: Eysenck, Gray, and Others
Eysenck’s "PEN" Biological Model
Gray’s Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory
Cloninger’s Tridimensional Model
Biological Mechanisms in Context
Summary
Part IV: The Behavioral Perspective
Chapter 10: The Challenge of Behaviorism: Dollard and Miller, Skinner, and Staats
Chapter Overview
Preview: Overview of Behavioral Theories
Psychoanalytic Learning Theory: Dollard and Miller
Learning Theory Reconceptualization of Psychoanalytic Concepts
Four Fundamental Concepts About Learning
The Learning Process
The Four Critical Training Periods of Childhood
Frustration and Aggression
Conflict
Language, Neurosis, and Psychotherapy
Suppression
Radical Behaviorism: Skinner
Behavior as the Data for Scientific Study
Learning Principles
Applications of Behavioral Techniques
Radical Behaviorism and Personality: Some Concerns
Psychological Behaviorism: Staats
Reinforcement
Basic Behavioral Repertoires
Situations
Psychological Adjustment
The Nature-Nurture Question from the Perspective of Psychological Behaviorism
The Act Frequency Approach to Personality Measurement
Contributions of Behaviorism to Personality Theory
Summary
Chapter 11: Kelly: Personal Construct Theory
Chapter Overview
Preview: Overview of Kelly’s Theory
Constructive Alternativism
The Process of Construing
The Structure of Construct Systems
The Social Embeddedness of Construing Efforts
The Role Construct Repertory (REP) Test
Cognitive Complexity
Personality Change
Therapy
Research Findings
Summary
Chapter 12: Mischel: Traits in Cognitive Social Learning Theory
Chapter Overview
Preview: Overview of Mischel’s Theory
Delay of Gratification
Personality Traits: Mischel’s Challenge
The CAPS Model
Applications of the CAPS Model of Personality
Summary
Chapter 13: Bandura: Performance in Cognitive Social Learning Theory
Chapter Overview
Preview: Overview of Bandura’s Theories
Reciprocal Determinism
Self-Regulation of Behavior: The Self-System
Self-Efficacy
Processes Influencing Learning
Observational Learning and Modeling
Therapy
The Person in the Social Environment
Summary
Part V: The Humanistic Perspective
Chapter14: Rogers: Person-Centered Theory
Chapter Overview
Preview: Overview of Rogers’s Theory
The Actualizing Tendency
The Self
Development
Therapy
Other Applications
Criticisms of Rogers’s Theory
Summary
Chapter 15: Maslow and His Legacy: Need Hierarchy Theory and Positive Psychology
Chapter Overview
Preview: Overview of Maslow’s Theory
Need Hierarchy Theory: Maslow
Maslow’s Vision of Psychology
Hierarchy of Needs
Self-Actualization
Applications and Implications of Maslow’s Theory
Maslow’s Challenge to Traditional Science
Self-Determination Theory and Intrinsic Motivation
Positive Psychology
Positive Subjective Experience
Positive Traits
Positive Institutions
The Promise of Positive Psychology
Summary
Chapter 16: Buddhist Psychology: Lessons From Eastern Culture
Chapter Overview
Preview: Overview of Buddhist Psychology
The Relevance of Buddhism for Personality Psychology
A Brief History of Buddhism
The Buddhist Worldview: The Four Noble Truths
Buddhism and Personality Concepts
Spiritual Practices
Buddhism and Psychotherapy
The Importance of the Dialogue, and Some Cautions
Summary
Chapter 17: Conclusion
Chapter Overview
Choosing or Combining Theories
Theories as Metaphors
Summary
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